A Real Career Opportunity in the Criminal Justice Field Essay

A Real Career Opportunity in the Criminal Justice Field - Essay Example There are, also, practical elements to choosing the field of Crime Scene Investigation. The career offers positive income incentives and there appears to be a bright future for potential job growth. However, to truly understand the field it is important to explore the details of an occupation as a Crime Scene Investigator. There are many responsibilities of a real Crime Scene Investigator and it is not, always, like the ones you have seen on television. They have a very relevant and serious position to hold. They are expected to, generally, be available and on-call at all hours, 24 hours a day, when necessary.(Roberts, 2012) After all, crime scenes do not necessarily occur between the normal business hours of a typical workday. They must aid detectives in securing the evidence from contamination, reconstructing events, gathering evidence, photographs, and making certain that the evidence collected is sent to the correct locations for examination and analysis. A Crime Scene Investigator is, also, required to have strong communication skills, ability to remain composed, and a heightened sense of organization. They are, on occasion, asked to testify in court should the cases they are involved with going to trial.("CSI career and," 2012) Becoming a Crime Scene Investigator requires a background in criminal justice is important and further education. However, finding the training needed is available at a large number of schools, as the popularity of the field increased over the last decade. A Bachelors Degree is attainable and with so much potential growth the education is abundantly worthwhile. Â  

Religion essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Religion - Essay Example It is illustrated in their teachings that giving up worldly desires would result in eternal peace and harmony resulting in alleviation of the soul. For Shinto, Confucianism and Taoism, HARMONY AND SUPREMACY, act as the fundamental foundations of their beliefs. All three religions believe that world/ nature is supposed to follow a rhythmic cycle which brings harmony into lives on earth. It is the digression from this cycle which results in emergence of evil and good. Furthermore, they also recognize the presence of a supreme power that can be a God, Gods (as per various sects) or rulers of the land who are bestowed with powers to bring harmony and peace on their lands. Islam, Christianity and Judaism are mainly recognized by MONOTHEISM and PHROPHECY. Presence of one God is the fundamental belief of these religions which makes them highly distinctive than other religions. However, Jews have THEIR own ONE GOD, Christians believe that Jesus was the God on earth walking as a human but Islam believes that God relates to everyone irrespective of who he is and treats everyone equally but judge them on the basis of their actions. All three religions have figures that were prophets of their times i.e. Judaism had Noah and Moses, Christianity had Jesus and Islam recognizes Muhammad. Where Islam is the last religion acknowledging monotheism, it also recognizes prophets of the other two religions. Other than holy books, lives of these prophets also act as the guidelines which the followers of these religions are expected to follow. Careful analysis of these religions would reveal that all of them support the tolerance and respect for other individuals. This is where the concept of respect for life and its forms (human, plants and animals) and a clear distinction between good and evil emerges. All of them support the notion that every evil or bad deed meets punishment at the end. If these concepts are

Market Analysis On Jewellery In India

Market Analysis On Jewellery In India 1.0 Introduction Marketing communication plays a vital role while launching a new brand or product in todays cut-throat market. It is a form of persuasion which plays the role to understand the communicators purpose (ethos) and the communication process (pathos) thus in having an influencing effect with the customer(logos) This document describes in-depth the process involved to launch a new brand of jewellery called Cadbury Gems Limited in the Indian market as well as the UK market. 2.0 Cadbury Gem Analysis Cadbury Gem has product line only in the jewellery in gold, platinum, colored gems and diamond. By 2015, its main focus will be on corporate social responsibility while operating any process. It has plans of launching Teenager Collection of white jewellery by 2014. Their main competitors are Tanishq and Gili. 3.0 Market Analysis on Jewellery in India The Indian jewellery market is large and consist of unbranded where branded jewellery accounts only for less than 2% per year and 300,000 consists of unorganized one. The dominant players in the field of jewellery manufacturing are Italy, Hong Kong, China, Thailand, United States. Leading player in the Indian jewellery are Gili part of the Gitanjali Gems Limited and Tansihq, Reliance Jewel, Joyalukkas. 4.0 About Cadbury Gems The Cadbury Gems Limited will cater the primary target women and secondary target men in the age group of 25-40 years in the domestic market and the international market. It will provide a differential advantage by providing Personalized Service for loyal customer in terms of design and patterns and expert advice on wedding jewellery in the UK market. 5.0 PEST Analysis Political The Indian Government has taken up measures to lower import duty of platinum and gems ,colored stones are exempted from tax .There are plans of Indian Government to establish Diamond Bourses. Economic Due to the global economic recession, Indias gems and jewellery export and import also got affected it.The dynamic change in the exchange rates of pounds and INR affects the domestic as well as international market .It affected the GDP of Indian economy and thus lessen the consumer expenditure too affecting the sales. Socio-Cultural The socio and cultural plays a huge role in the Jewellery market of India as jewellery is considered to be a tradition from ancestral time and it is a necessity in many of its cultural occasion . Technological India has become the leading manufacturer in terms of jewellery because of its advanced technology and according to GPEC there is a rise of 18% to 407.36 lakh carats for cut and polished diamond. 6.0 Competitor Analysis 6.0.1 About Tanishq Tanishq is one of the pioneers in branded jewellery and largest jewellery brand in India founded in 1995 AT Hosur, Tamil Nadu. It is a part of Titan Industry-group endorsed by the Tata Group. It has 118 stores in 76 major cities of India and has a market share of 50% in branded jewellery. Tanishq product lines consist of the following: Tanishq Diamonds Tanishq Gold Tanishq Platinum 6.0.2 Segmentation Tanishq has segmented its consumer based on the three types. They are segmented as follows: Behavioral Tanishq exemplifies behavioral segmentation as it portrays purchase occasion based on festival like diwali, akshaya, tritiya, karva chauth. It also segment its jewellery as everyday wear, special occasion wear and wedding wear like Lightweight Colours an everyday wear, Enamel and Diamonds Psychographic and Profile It also shows profile and lifestyle segmentation as it segments its jewellery called Collection G called nine-to-five jewellery. It also has collection called All Day Diamonds which are affordable and can be worn throughout the day 24 *7. It also tries to capture the different designs in new region like Bengali design in Delhi, Kerala style in Tamil Nadu etc 6.0.3 Targeting Differentiated: Different marketing mix are applied for each segment. Customized: Different marketing mix are applied for each customer. Differentiated marketing and customized marketing strategies are used. Its design was created for niche market for elite Indians but then concentrated on mass marketing. It targets women who are modern yet grounded and men who are above 25 years. 6.0.4 Positioning Uses product repositioning and act as a brand for elite people in India of international brand but then re-positioned in the market as Jewellery for adornment. Tanishq has come up with Aamra mix of western and traditional .It position the brand which provides trust and guaranteed purity. 6.0.5 Communication Strategies Tanishq Pull Strategy Advertising To create brand equity it uses the approach of 360 degree. They focus on celebrity endorsement as people in India are highly obsessed with the celebrity and create a huge impact and associate with events like marriage , diwali,raksha bandhan. Print advertisement Tanishq target the leading woman magazine like Femina, Filmfare which are very popular in India and other leading newspaper like The Times of India and such advertisement are frequent during occasions and it is quite seasonal. Tanishq Push Strategy Sales promotion and associating with Events Tanishq has a tie-up with Bollywood movie like Paheli. Promotion like Free Gold Coin Campaign, then Freeze Your Gold Price during the festival of Dhanteras are used. Public Relation Recently they have organized Diamonds of Class which target woman who are bold and the beautiful where Tanishq diamond complementing her lifestyle. Direct marketing Internet Sales and catalogues are used. Offers and Discount It offers and discount in festive occasion like Diwali, Mothers Day, Valentine Day, Environment Day and also target specific segment of working woman by coming up with the collection called Tanishq Collection-G .It also organizes joint promotion with LOreal and Wills Lifestyle. 6.1.1 About Gili Gili is a part of the Gitanjali Gems Limited (GGL).Gili is founded in 1994 and it is symbolizes youth, love and emotions has its headquarter is based at Mumbai. It is known for producing a heart-shaped diamond of 0.03 carat and 25 patented patterns. It has 3000 retail outlet in India and contributes a share of 40% in an organized jewellery market. It has a market share of 8.3%. Gili has collection of Work Valentine Traditional Teens Mens Collection Mangalsutra 6.2.2 Segmentation Gili segment based on the following: Behavioral Gili has segmented based on purchase occasion like Valentine, wedding, birthday, anniversary and has Valentine ,Mangalsutra,Traditional collections. Profile and Lifestyle Gili again has work collection .They have the Men collection and have jewellery based on the income like segmenting the jewellery with price. 6.2.3 Targeting Gili follows the differentiated and mass marketing. It creates a sense of high-quality studded diamond of contemporary design. They have the collection for working woman in particular. They have targeted even the men with Mens collection.They target in the age group of 15-30 years of age. 6.2.3 Positioning Image repositioning its brand as a brand which represents trust by adhering to authentic certification, quality and reliable by keeping standard practices .It creates a differential advantage by positioning as a brand that created the first 0.03 karat heart-shaped diamond the smallest in the world. 6.2.4Communication Strategies Gili Pull Strategy Advertising Bipashu Basu is the brand ambassador and endorses the products by associating it with events like Valentine day. Print Advertising in leading newspaper like The Telegraph, Times of India and advertising in leading magazine like Filmfare. Gili Push Strategy Events Indians are fascinated by the celebrities so they organized star visits and sponsoring films like in Vivaah,Krissh .They also sponsored the Lakme Fashion Week and Femina Miss India Contest. Joint- Promotion It is done through retailer like Shoppers Stop. Direct-mailers and catalogue They employ this strategy and received a huge feedback and have increased the sales enormously. 7.0 Launch of Cadbury Gem in India 7.0.1 Communication Objectives To generate brand awareness of 60% of Cadbury Gem to both men and women who are in the age group of 25-40 by March 2012. To create a brand image that can be trusted and caters Personalized Service in terms of design. To change peoples attitude that jewellery can also be worn by men often. 7.0.2 Communication Strategy Pull strategy will be used to create awareness. To create brand image of trust which caters Personalized Service profile strategy will be used. Communication appeal will be more of emotional like the experience associate with the festive season and events and the benefits and a bit of rational like the price and the quality it will offer. The perceived risk will be financial risk. 7.0.3 Segmentation Cadbury Gems will segment based on Behavioral It will be based on purchase occasion, purchase behavior, usage segmentation. Purchase occasion As done by the contemporary, it will make use of occasions like Wedding Anniversary, Birthdays and important Indian festival like Raksha Bandhan,Holi. It will create collection such as Festive Collection suitable for any festival and All in One Occasions collection. Purchase behavior It will target the innovators who are ready to take risk in buying the product as soon as the launch is done. Usage segmentation: It will target heavy as well as light user i.e women who are already using and men who just contribute 20% of the jewellery purchase. Belief and Values It will target men and women who believe in living and celebrating life. Psychographic It will used lifestyle and personality segmentation. Lifestyle It will target women who are sophisticated as well as ordinary women of simple lifestyle. For men, it will target metrosexual men and has collection called Exclusive for Men. Personality It will aim at people who are innovators who accepts the new product soon and who are expressive where Cadbury Gems portrays who they are. It will have collection called Itz Me. Profile: It will use age as criteria to segment. Age It will target men and women who are in the age group of 25-40. 7.0.4 Targeting It will use differentiated and customized marketing. It will design its jewellery for men and women in the age group of 25-40 years with specified design of their choice. The customer can come up with its pattern and specification of their choice and it will take minimum lead days of 10 days to deliver to their customer. 7.0.5 Positioning: Perceptual Map: High Price Tanishq Gitanjali Gems Limited Reliance Jewellery Wide Product Range Cadbury Gem Narrow Product Range Joyallukas Low Price Fig: Perpetual Map It will use tangible repositioning for the mens collection as it will focus on mens section by creating Exclusive for Men Collection. For the womens section it will use product repositioning by introducing Itz Me collection, All in One Occasions, Festive Collection. Differential advantage will be achieved by positioning as a trusted brand which provides Personalized Services employing designers who can give feedbacks about the design the customer comes up and suggest expert ideas to the customer effectively and efficiently. 7.0.6 Message The aim of the campaign is to create brand awareness among the women who are the primary target and also the secondary target men both in the age group of 25-40 years and also to create an impact as a brand that cater the customers needs by giving Personalized Service to those customer who are loyal to Cadbury Gems. 7.0.7 Launch Date The advertising campaign will run throughout the year starting from April 2011 till the end of March 2012 giving main focus during the festive season like November, December as these are the season where major festivals occur in India. It is expected to launch its product in April 2012. 7.0.8 Budget  £20 million will be allocated as people are not aware of the products therefore huge amount needs to be invested in campaigning and advertising. 8.0 Integrated Communication Plan Integrated Communication plan plays an important role to pass the same message to the targeted audience in a consistent way so that they are not confuse, mislead if it employs different communication channel without integrating . It will used both above the line and below the line strategy and profile too. 8.0.1 Above the line Advertising on TV Advertisement will be put on popular channel like Sony ,Star Plus, Zee TV,C olors where popular soaps and serial are transmitted. Justification Impact large audience in a short span of time and helps to increase word of mouth. Short lead time Target the women of age 25-40 and put the ads in between popular soap and serials likeUttaran,Jyoti,Balika Vadhu. Frequency of the Ad will be like 7-8 times in the channels mentioned above. Magazines and Newspaper Advertisement will be placed on leading magazine like Woman Era, Outook, Readers Digest and on leading newspaper like The Hindu,The Economic Times as these are the magazines read by corporate men and women. Justification The ad will remain as long as the magazine and newspaper are kept. Target both the men and women through this channel of communication Credibility of the information is high. Metrosexual men and corporate consumer youth will be targeted easily. FM Radio Short Ad with be played in major FM station like Radio City and Radio Mirchi and Meow. Justification Low cost. Can reach large consumers faster with short lead time and Ad will be placed more around 9-11 A.M and 5-7 P.M the working hours of most of the company and timing for college goers too. Medium to high salaried people, youth who are fashion conscious of both the sexes will be reached easier. Billboards 15 X20 billboards will be placed especially near the mall, cinema -theatre, plazas and area where colleges and companies are more. Justification Comparatively involves lower cost and frequency of exposure is high. Information and persuasion can be done effectively and efficiently leading to brand awareness. 8.0.2 Below the line Direct Marketing Mails will be sent to such customer about the designs and new collection. It will target the loyal and frequent buyer of Cadbury Gem by giving loyalty card and points to those regular buyer. Customer which exceeds 1000 points will be given free Personalized Service giving expert expert advice to the design the customer has come up. Justification It will give good return of investment of if clear database is maintained about the customer. After achieving the brand awareness of 60%, direct marketing can be used to create profile strategy projecting as a brand of trust and customer oriented. Sponsorship and Exhibition It will sponsor and associate with Bollywood Movies to showcase its collection. It will also sponsor the major ramp shows held Lakme Fashion Week and events like Femina Miss India Contest, Zee Cinema Awards and organize exhibition where popular male celebrity John Abraham will be the brand ambassador Justification Helps in rectifying the customer perception and beliefs. To attract new customer and attain new customer. Chances of face-face meeting with the potential customer thus enhancing relationship building. E-media It will make use of the social networking sites like Facebook,Twitter and Orkut which are quite popular to promote their products. Justification Relatively cost-effective. Information can be spreaded like wildfire thus increasing word of mouth. 9.0 Launch of Cadbury Gem in the UK Market 9.0.1 Communication Objective To create an awareness of 5% among the non-resident Indian in the UK market by March 2012. 9.0.2 Communication Strategy To create an awareness of 5% among the non-resident Indian in the UK market by using both push and pull strategy. 9.0.3 Segmentation Cadbury Gems will segment based on behavioral,psychographic,lifestyle and personality as done in the domestic market. It will adopt the same strategy. 9.0.4 Targeting The strategy of targeting remains the same as in the domestic market i.e differentiated and customized. 9.0.5 Positioning Intangible positioning will be used for the men by introducing Western Mens Collection. Product positioning will be used for women and it will introduce Elegant Collection and will position as a brand that provides special attention on design and pattern on occasion of the wedding. 9.0.6 Message Its aim is to create awareness in the same sector and also to create a brand image which provides special assistance for wedding jewellery by introducing its Sophisticated Jewellery for Wedding with expert advice on design and patterns. 9.0.7 Budget Only  £10 million will be invested in campaigning and advertising. 9.0.8 Above the line It will use advertising on TV on the same channels as in domestic market ,advertisement will be displayed on magazine like Marie Claire,Vogue and Cosmopolitan exclusively. Justification NRI in UK invest their time and money on such hi-fi magazine and moreover they find the information credible. 9.0.9 Below the line It will use public relation like exhibition, sales promotion and e-media. Exhibition The exhibition will be especially for the NRI like Sophisticated Jewellery for Wedding with expert advice on design and patterns, Western Mens Collection for men and Elegant Collection for women and letting the celebrity like the former Miss World 1995 Aishwarya Rai Bachchan the brand ambassador of Cadbury Gem in such exhibition as glamour and glitz business impacts NRI in a huge way. Justification Creates awareness more as compared to other form of media. It gives a direct feedback from potential customer, face to face communication and it is an ideal way to attract new customer when new products are launched. Sales Promotion: Offer like free accessories i.e ray-ban sun glasses, branded make-up kit and discount of 20% will be given to customer who buys  £420 of jewellery. Justification It will attract the new customer and may boost up the sales when the product is too new in the market. E-media : It will make use of the social networking sites like Facebook,Twitter only as Orkut is not in use by the NRI. The reason for using this is that majority of the NRI are computer savvy.. 9.0.10 Cultural Influences for UK launch A niche market will be used to target the non-resident Indian (NRI) and there will not be huge impact of cultural influence but in terms of jewellery design it should be more sophisticated and elegant and a mixture of Indo-Western. 9.0.11 Assessing Advertsing Effectiveness Pre-testing Focus group and concept testing can be used before the launch. Post-testing Enquiry test, feedback, surveys can be used to test the recognition and recall test. This will give an idea whether the customer has accepted the product or not, if yes how much, if not where it has to give focus. 11.0 Conclusion Cadbury Gem jewellery will be launched in both the domestic i.e India and international market i.e UK keeping into consideration the various strategy and tactics that needs to be considered while launching in different market. 20million INR will be spent in the domestic market in advertising as it is competing with already established jewellery brand Tanishq and Gili. It will allocate only  £10million INR for the international market as the objective is to create awareness of only 5%. References Bhat.H Retailing, Tanishq [online] available from [26th February,2011] Bhat.H (2004)Growing the Branded Jewellery Market: An Indian Experience [online] available from [23th February, 2011] Business Map of India India Gold Market [online] available from [12th March,2011] Data Monitor Jewellery India [online] available from [12th March, 2011] Choksi.M (2010)Leader Speak [online] available from [26th February, 2011] Commodity Online Gold Industry in India to cross $26 billion by 2012 [online] available from [12th March, 2011] Data Monitor Jewellery India [online] available from [12th March, 2011] Diamond World News Service Role of Gem and Jewellery Industry Lauded in Indias Prowess [online] available from [19th February, 2011] Drobis.D.R (1998) Integrated Marketing Communications Redefined Journal of Integrated Communication Gili Beautifully You [online] available from [1st March, 2011] Gitanjali Group(2010) Gitanjali Group'[online] available from [1st March ,2011] Indian Brand Equity Foundation (2010) Gems and Jewellery [online] available from [12th March, 2011] Jewellery (2010) Jewellerry -India Euromonitor International: Country Sector Briefing Kannabiran.G, Bhaumik.S (2005) Corporate turnaround through effective supply chain management: the case of a leading jewellery manufacturer in India Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 10(5)340 348 Kanani Industries Limited Kanani Industries Limited 27th Annual Report [online] available from [19th February, 2011] Narayanan.S,Manchanda,Puneet,Chintagunta.P.K (2005) Temporal Differences in the Role of Marketing Communications in New Product Categories Journal of Marketing Research, 42(3)278-290 Narayanandas.D (2006) Tanishq: Positioning to Capture the Indian Womans Heart [online] available from http://www.credaincr.org/archive_news_details.php?nid=8531m=12y=2010> [19th February,2011] NewsJewellers find star-studded show a hit [online] available from [26th February, 2011] PoulHoumanAndersen (2001)Relationship development and marketing communication: an integrative model, Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, 16 (3)167 183 Rao.A (2011) Tanishq goes retro in new Diamonds of Class still campaign [online] available from [26th February, 2011] Whalen D.J (2010) Ethical Advertising Messages Design Management Journal 2(4)75-80

Essay on the Symbol of Pearl in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

The Symbol of Pearl in The Scarlet Letter The Scarlet Letter is a book of much symbolism. One of the most complex and misunderstood symbols in the book is Pearl, the daughter of Hester Prynne. Pearl symbolizes a real and constant reminder of Hester’s sins, she is much more prominent and evident than the â€Å"A† that Hester wore, for she is a real living breathing person who will always remain a part Hester. Hawthorne places Pearl in the novel to explore the theme of Romanticism, to create a character who is passionate and true, one who questions the behavior and values of Hester and Dimmesdale. Pearl’s behavior towards her mother varied at different times. She would often constantly nag her mother and became infatuated with the scarlet "A" which her mother wore. She is anything but a normal Puritan child, and Hawthorne creates her character very interestingly. â€Å"The child could not be made amenable to rules. In giving her existence, a great law had been broken.....† (91)Pearl was so very aware of this â€Å"A† even if she did not fully understand the meaning of it at her young age. Although, she did have a sense of what this letter meant, and would also make her own to wear. â€Å"Mother, the sunshine does not love you. It runs away and hides itself, because it is afraid of something on your bosom. Now see! There it is, playing, a good way off. Stand you here, and let me run and catch it. I am but a child. It will not flee from me, for I wear nothing on my bosom yet† (192). This symbolizes Pearl’s constant curiousity and truth, and her knowing that the letter her mother must wear retricts her from being ‘loved by the sun’, in other words, Hester must remain in the dark about her feelings, while Pearl can stay in the sun. Again another example of Pearl’s free emotion, a symbolism of the Romanticism in the novel. Although Hester had so much trouble with Pearl, she still felt that Pearl was her treasure. Being alienated from society and without Dimmesdale to confess his part in the sin, Pearl was really the only thing that Hester had in life. Hester cherished Pearl’s existence, though she was born out of what Puritans considered a sin. Here, Pearl symbolizes a person that Hester can hold on to and call her own, when it seems as though she has nothing left in the world.

Describe what can happen in the society without law, especially in the field of business Essay

– Fraus omnia corrumpit  (theory of fraud), according to which one can never rely on a fraudulent act to justify the application of a rule of law to its own profit. The scope of application, the conditions of application, and the legal effects thereof will be defined, since they are subject of debate. Further, the relation between the principle Fraus omnia corrumpit and other concepts or general principles of law will be examined. For this, the discussed principle can fulfil three possible functions (with each time different legal effects): a mere explanatory function for other concepts of law; a corrective mechanism which excludes the application of rules of law in case of fraud; or the function of a fully autonomous concept of law. The results of this research will provide a new insight into the role of general principles of private law in the hierarchy of sources of law. The correct scope and function of the principle Fraus omnia corrumpit are still uncertain in law due to a lack of fundamental research, contrary to other systems of law. Innovative research (according to internal and external comparative law and a functional-inductive approach) will result in fixing the contours of this principle, which will lead to higher legal certainty. – Non bis in idem, Ne bis in idem, which translates literally from Latin as â€Å"not twice in the same [thing]†, is a legal doctrine to the effect that no legal action can be instituted twice for the same cause of action. It is a legal concept originating in Roman Civil Law, but it is essentially the equivalent of the double jeopardy (autrefois acquit) doctrine found in common law jurisdictions. – In dubio pro reo The principle of in dubio pro reo (Latin for â€Å"when in doubt, for the accused†) means that a defendant may not be convicted by the court when doubts about his or her guilt remain. It is often used specifically to refer to the principle of presumption of innocence that dictates that when a criminal statute allows more than one interpretation, the one that favours the defendant should be chosen. The Latin phase in dubio pro reo translates as in doubt, for the accused. A more expanded definition is that courts and  juries must take the side of an accused party when there are doubts about the charges. This is connected to reasonable doubt and to presumed innocence, which are a foundational part of many justice systems. It also affects the rule of lenity, when judges must make interpretive decisions about ambiguous laws in favor of someone who is accused.

Through a Different Perspective

Asian and Asian American culture are historically known for having a strict, distinctive boundary between the traditional roles of women and men, where, In the domestic sphere, women are submissive to male authority figures, which are typically embodied in the father or husband. One well known example that calls to mind this subordination of women to men is China's one-child policy, which often leads to ill treatment, abandonment or leaving up for adoption of female infants and children as a result of wanting a male child to lead the family and carry on the family name.While this might be a more extreme result of this stereotype, there are many other similar historical stereotypes that subordinate the woman to the man In Asian and Aslant American culture. Regardless of historical stereotypes, however, It Is clear to many individuals today that times are changing and causing culture to shift. One accessible way of highlighting the degree to which Asian and Asian American culture has c hanged from past to present is through film.Alice Wow's Saving Face and Ketene Meat's Spices note a number of historical stereotypes, but more importantly, they pen up dialogue about the slightly functions of female and male roles. Through the combination of symbol and metaphor, setting and situation, and most Importantly, contrast between traditional and non-traditional, Alice Www and Ketene Meta enable a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity in their respective films, Saving Face and Spices.Several historical stereotypes characterize traditional Asian and Asian American culture; Alice Www and Ketene Meta address these stereotypes and more. Many historical stereotypes of Aslant and Asian American culture revolve around the way a Oman should act in and outside of marriage and the way In which her Individual role contributes to the identity of a given cultural or familial group. Both Www and Meta present the traditional heterosexual married co uple where the husband's word is comparable to law.In Saving Face, Www provides the grandparents and although the grandmother can offer her input and opinion to her husband, when it comes to serious matters like kicking out their daughter as a result of an illegitimate child, which goes against another stereotype, the grandfather's decision holds fast. In pieces, Meta presents Sarasota and the mukluk, where the authority of the husband's word is even more evident.Stereotypically, the wife and husband are also either fairly close in age or the husband is older. Other obvious historical stereotypes relate to how a woman should act in general. According to stereotypical Asian and Asian American culture, the woman should dress femininely and be passive and non- defiant, not only to the dominant male figure In her life, but In general as well. Historically, women could not receive an education either.Altogether, this creates the tropically impression of an Asian or Asian American woman w ith little or no personal identity, but rather an identity where she blends into the cultural group she is a part of. Historical stereotypes of Asian and Asian American men revolve around his status as an authority figure in the family. He generally has a very dominant and controlling point of view and way of interacting with his family. By addressing these points historical stereotypes both directly and Indirectly and combining them with Asian American femininity and masculinity.Through setting and situation, Www and Meta heighten the contrast between satirical stereotype and changing times, thus allowing viewers to experience dynamic characters who change and come to exemplify transgressing individuals, as opposed to having only static characters that are stuck in a historically stereotypical mentality. Saving Face is set in what seems to be modern day New York, where diversity in all forms is represented. The openness of thought in this setting creates all sorts of situations tha t are starkly different from traditional Asian and Asian American stereotypes, which shy in comparison in the film.For example, the introduction of an African American best friend in the form of Jay, which the mother meets and initially Judges close-minded because of his differing race turns into a situation later on in the film where the two of them are sitting side by side on the couch sharing the experience of an Asian television show. There are also more subtle situations where anti-stereotypical, and even transgressing, thought is expressed.Another such example is the instance when the grandmother mentions how Wig's more masculine attire is fine for a woman. These situations and similar ones pugnaciously give viewers a different understanding of how times are changing, especially in relation to Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity, thus opening up viewers' thoughts to other, more transgressing situations like LIGHT issues surrounding Wig's official coming out and her acceptance into her family, as well as the idea of an illegitimate child to a much younger man.In a setting full of diversity like that in Saving Face, the unique characteristics of each individual are heightened, thus eventually giving Will the â€Å"validated[ion] for both [her] ethnic and lesbian/gay densities† and a â€Å"sense of social belonging and group cohesion† that Connie S. Chain notes are usually afforded as a result of coming out (Chain, 241).Proof of this success of both sexual and ethnic identity comes at the end of the film where the dance party, a common part of the Asian American community represented in the film, accommodates all the transgressors and accepts them, ultimately dismissing those who do not accept them by having them leave the party. In contrast, the setting of Meat's Spices is one of rigidity and at its most basic level, uniformity. It is set in sass India, a period of British colonialism, which enforces the ideas of oppression an d fear of resistance (Shores, April 9, 2014).This setting makes any type of resistance all the more outlandish and outrageous, thus drawing attention to the transgressing women and men in the film and the way in which they struggle to break historical stereotypes and gender norms. The setting of the film allows for the placement of the â€Å"all-powerful Subdued†, who exemplifies not only overbearing characteristics of colonialism, but more generally speaking, the sexual dominance of the Asian man over the Asian woman (Shores, 251).The Much plays a similar role but really expounds upon the domestic dominance an Asian or Asian American husband stereotypically has over his wife. To contrast these static characters who continue to represent these aspects throughout the duration of the film, Meta introduces transgressing men such as Master's and ABA Mania who both have more enlightened ways of thinking in comparison to the other male characters. The stark difference in these two different sets of men, again, highlights the more of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity.In terms of female ranginess, this is even more evident than male transgression because of the way in which females are naturally expected to be non-defiant, especially towards the men of power in their family and in the community they are a part of. In a way, Meta uses this play on power between the Subdued and Sinbad to empower Sinbad more. If â€Å"the Subdued wants Sinbad because of her defiance† and if â€Å"her resistances is a power that excites him,† Meta suggests that a woman who is not completely submissive is more desirable than one who is because of the way she can more equally challenge a male counterpart (Shores, 250).Similarly, Meta empowers Shirtwaist by giving her acts of transgression real purpose. Each of her transgressions from putting her daughter into school, to kicking the Much out of their house, to leading the protest against the Subdued and her husband are followed by strong protests, and even violence, from her husband, thus emphasizing the true strength and ability of a female through persistent resistance and the effect it has on the dominant male figure in her life.If a woman's role were to really be passive and unimportant, the man's word to the public would be final and the woman loud either be literally or figuratively silenced, however the Much constantly brings up the way in which her actions continually affect his political and communal appearance, thus depicting the existence of a permanent voice. While the settings of each of the films more directly set the tone for enabling a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity, symbols and metaphor enhance this understanding on a more subconscious level.In Saving Face, Www constantly brings in the image of the face, both clear and unobstructed as well as partially hidden from view (Shores, April 2, 2014). The title even mentions the face as well. This constant symbol of the face suggests personal identity and in terms of this film, alludes to an identity not based solely on either sexuality or ethnicity, but rather a cohesion of â€Å"ethnic and lesbian/gay identities† (Chain, 241). The recurrence of the image of the face hints at the importance of individual identity, especially for what would be transgressors of historical stereotypes.There is a constant reminder about the image one gives to the public and the way it differs from one's true self. A symbol that enhances a different understanding in Spices, is the symbol, or trope, of the chili pepper. The chili peppers â€Å"symbolize women's sexuality,† but more importantly, they not only â€Å"offer a literal and metaphoric form of resistance,† but also come to symbolize the power of colonialism and violent dominance in general because of their blood red color (Shores, 247).The scenes where Sinbad runs through and over the chili pep pers and falls down symbolizes the success of colonialism and the way in which it has led to the overcoming of not only villages as a whole, but also the women themselves. At the name time, however, Sinbad gets up and continues to run over the chili peppers, showing how colonialism and oppression are overcome.By the end of the film, it is the very symbol of colonialism and violence that causes the women to come together in resistance against the Subdued, thus showing how colonialism and oppression become the very reason and purpose behind resistance, essentially acting as a spearhead against whoever imposes those things to begin with. In a more literal way become the literal weapons against the Subdued, who â€Å"embodies the colonizers power† (Shores, 249).Through this change in purpose of the symbol of chili peppers as a result of the unification of transgressing thought personified in Sinbad, Shirtwaist, ABA Mania, and the women who eventually come to use the ground up chi li powder as a weapon, viewers come to a subconscious realization of a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity and the way in which this understanding is truly sculpted at the hands of those who are oppressed as they come to face and conquer their oppressors.Alice Www and Ketene Meta use these various strategies and more in their exceptive films, Saving Face and Spices to enable a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity. By enabling these different understandings, they break historical stereotypes of Asian and Asian American women and men and empower females in a way that gives them a starkly different image than what is commonly attributed to them.